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Enantiomers are pairs of configurational isomers that are mirror images of each other but are non-superimposable. Configurational isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula and same groups but different configurations. Pasteur reported in 1984 the concept of the molecular Chirality based on the distinction between the configurational isomers of molecules. In addition, before embarking on a detailed consideration of methods of studying chiral deposition process and the various characterization techniques, we will try to understand the techniques involved in the preparation and characterization of these films.Ī chiral structure is non-superimposable on its mirror image. ![]() In this chapter the terms and concepts employed in describing the enantiospecific electrodeposition are introduced. Chiral morphologies of calcites can also be deposited electrochemically. Crystals like calcite and gypsum which crystallize in achiral space group can be transformed to chiral space group by treating calcite with chiral etchants or by crystallizing calcite in the presence of amino acids. In this regard, electrodeposition resembles biomineralization, where organic molecules adsorbed on surface, reduce the symmetry of surfaces, resulting in chiral crystal habits. In this method, chiral molecules present in the electrodeposition solution determine the final Chirality of the electrodeposited thin film. Unlike other vacuum techniques, electrodeposition is cheaper and can be carried out at ambient conditions. It was shown that chiral surfaces can also be produced by electrodeposition technique. ![]() They have been produced by decorating the surfaces of achiral substrates by chiral molecules, or by introducing defects in the single crystals which exposes chiral kink sites. One way to get around that would be to develop enantiospecific catalyst that can be reused. The enantiomer should be characterized in detail in order to develop a safe and reliable formulation. From an Industry perspective, the process is neither cost effective nor completely safe. The chiral drugs are often synthesized in the racemic form, and are then resolved into pure enantiomer. Historically, the pharmaceutical industry has relied on using enzymatic reactions to produce enantiospecific molecules. It is well established that chiral drugs often differ in their pharmacological, toxicological and pharmacokinetic properties. Currently, more than half of the drugs marketed are chiral. Chiral drugs have played an important role in driving the market for past few decades.
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